Since the procedure is normally done on an outpatient basis, most men are able to return home shortly after surgery is completed. It typically takes two to three weeks to fully recover. Patients who work in fairly sedentary jobs are usually able to return to work within a few days. If the main reason for a microscopic varicocelectomy is because of fertility issues, a semen analysis may be done during a follow-up visit to determine if sperm quality and quantity has improved.

There are no medications specifically for the treatment of varicoceles. Prior to considering a microsurgical varicocelectomy, however, men or boys with the condition may be encouraged to use over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen to manage any related discomfort. If surgery is recommended, it may be combined with less-invasive techniques that minimize scarring and post-procedure discomfort.